[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Fullwidth Header – Background Title Description – no slider – Section 1″ module_class=”header-title-desciption-no-slider-section1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”rgba(0,174,239,0.09)” background_enable_color=”off” background_image=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab2\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2022\/07\/ai-002-1.jpg” parallax=”on” custom_padding=”||||false|false” bottom_divider_style=”ramp2″ bottom_divider_color=”#FFFFFF” bottom_divider_height=”11vw” bottom_divider_arrangement=”above_content” saved_tabs=”all” locked=”off” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” custom_padding=”||0px|||” border_color_all=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”10%||8vw||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0vw||0vw||true|false” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text – Title” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”b3e3ff14-5f5c-4608-8ecf-1885ce3da7aa” header_font=”||||||||” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”48px” header_line_height=”60px” custom_margin=”||10px||false|false” header_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_font_size_phone=”24px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Section 27 – Two Column – Title Over Text Over Button Next to Image” module_class=”section27_two_column_title_over_txt_over_btn_next_to_img” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab2\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2022\/12\/9-alt.png” parallax=”on” parallax_method=”off” locked=”off” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|||” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”||150px|||” scroll_fade_enable=”on” global_module=”3003″ collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color_gradient_direction=”35deg” custom_padding=”|60px||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”||||||||” text_font_size=”25px” header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”left” header_text_color=”#2b2b2b” header_font_size=”36px” header_line_height=”1.3em” header_2_font=”|700|||||||” header_2_text_align=”left” header_2_text_color=”#2b2b2b” header_2_font_size=”36px” header_2_line_height=”1.5em” text_orientation=”center” width=”100%” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||10px|” custom_padding=”|9px||||” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
Decoding itch <\/span>signaling<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>mechanisms\u00a0<\/span>in <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n the skin<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#141414″ text_line_height=”1.9em” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”||||||||” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||30px|” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Both spontaneous and mechanical itch responses originate in the skin.\u00a0<\/span>Previous<\/span>\u00a0research has\u00a0<\/span>identified<\/span>\u00a0the Merkel cell-slowly adaptive Ab touch fiber complex as a key regulator of mechanical itch in normal conditions. However, in the context of aging or chronic itch associated with dry skin, the loss of Merkel cells removes the inhibition on mechanical itch, leading to the development of\u00a0<\/span>alloknesis<\/span>\u00a0(mechanical itch sensitization). Our studies have\u00a0<\/span>also\u00a0<\/span>shown that surviving Merkel cells in mice, following experimental dry skin treatment, can\u00a0<\/span>establish<\/span>\u00a0a functional connection with MrgprA3-expressing itch fibers and promote spontaneous itch. Notably, the mechanosensitive Piezo2 channels expressed by Merkel cells are essential for inhibiting mechanical itch and promoting spontaneous itch through the activation of slowly adaptive A<\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span>\u00a0fibers and C-<\/span>pruriceptors<\/span>, respectively. These findings have significantly contributed to our understanding of how Piezo2 channels and Merkel cells influence itch signaling in the skin. However, the mechanisms by which Merkel cells respond to tissue injury, skin inflammation, and aging, as well as the impact of these changes in Merkel cell biology on their interaction with touch and itch fibers in the skin, remain incompletely understood. Furthermore, we will investigate whether Merkel cells play a role in the development of skin inflammation, in addition to their involvement in itch signaling.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ module_class=”imageallignment” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”115deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#00aeef 0%|#221f72 100%” background_color_gradient_start=”#00aeef” background_color_gradient_end=”#221f72″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_css_main_element_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element_tablet=”margin-top:60px!important” custom_css_main_element_phone=”margin-top:60px!important”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab2\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2026\/01\/project-1.png” title_text=”decoding itch signaling” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ background_color=”#221F72″ custom_margin=”-40px|40px|40px|-40px|false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”-40px|40px|40px|-40px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|||” animation_style=”zoom” animation_direction=”right” animation_intensity_zoom=”6%” animation_starting_opacity=”100%” always_center_on_mobile=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|auto|35px|auto||” custom_padding=”0px||0px|” scroll_fade_enable=”on” global_module=”3004″ collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color=”#00AEEF” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”33deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#00aeef 0%|#d80b8c 100%” background_color_gradient_start=”#00aeef” background_color_gradient_end=”#d80b8c” background_enable_image=”off” parallax=”on” custom_padding=”|5%||5%” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab2\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2026\/01\/project2.png” title_text=”Mechanisms of Interoception” align=”center” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ custom_margin=”-20px||-20px|” custom_padding=”|||” animation_style=”zoom” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_zoom=”10%” animation_starting_opacity=”100%” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”40px|40px|40px|40px” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ header_font=”|700|||||||” header_font_size=”36px” header_3_font=”Playfair Display|700|||||||” header_3_text_color=”#2b2b2b” header_3_font_size=”28px” header_3_line_height=”1.5em” custom_margin=”||10px|” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#141414″ text_line_height=”1.9em” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”||||||||” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||30px|” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Sensory perceptions are\u00a0<\/span>initiated<\/span>\u00a0by a combination of external and internal cues, which play a crucial role in meeting our survival and psychological needs. The awareness of external stimuli, such as touch, sight, smell, sound, and taste, is known as exteroception. On the other hand,\u00a0<\/span>interoception<\/span>\u00a0refers to the\u00a0<\/span>perception<\/span> of internal bodily states, including both unconscious processes like respiration and bowel movements, as well as conscious experiences like chest pain during a heart attack and intestinal cramps. Interoceptive signals are transmitted to the brain through two main pathways: the ascending <\/span>viscerosensory<\/span>\u00a0pathway via the spinal cord, and the\u00a0<\/span>vagus<\/span>\u00a0sensory pathway through the nucleus tractus\u00a0<\/span>solitarii<\/span>\u00a0in the brainstem. However, our understanding of the\u00a0<\/span>CNS<\/span>\u00a0circuits responsible for processing interoceptive inputs from visceral organs is still limited. To address these gaps, we will\u00a0<\/span>utilize<\/span>\u00a0conventional genetic techniques and virally mediated intersectional genetics to\u00a0<\/span>identify<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>neural circuits<\/span>\u00a0that<\/span>\u00a0are essential for both the sensory discriminative and affective components of visceral pain.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=”on” disabled_on=”off|off|off” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|auto|75px|auto||” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px” scroll_fade_enable=”on” global_module=”3005″ saved_tabs=”all” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color_gradient_direction=”35deg” custom_padding=”40px|40px|40px|40px” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”||23px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n There are distinct coping behaviors between somatic and visceral nociceptive pathways. Pain originating from the colon is inescapable,\u00a0<\/span>leading to<\/span>\u00a0passive emotional coping.\u00a0<\/span>Conversely<\/span>, cutaneous pain, such as the pain felt when grasping a hot plate, elicits both reflexive withdrawal behaviors and active emotional coping in\u00a0<\/span>the form of\u00a0<\/span>\u201cfight or flight\u201d responses.\u00a0<\/span>Our research aims to\u00a0<\/span>understand\u00a0<\/span>the encoding of the affective-motivational aspects of pain and self-car<\/span>ing<\/span>\u00a0behaviors in the spinal cord and brainstem<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Additionally, w<\/span>e are investigating\u00a0<\/span>the impact of an inability to cope with pain on\u00a0<\/span>mental\u00a0<\/span>well-being<\/span>. By\u00a0<\/span>gaining insights into\u00a0<\/span>these mechanisms, we can develop effective treatments for individuals who suffer from anxiety and depression\u00a0<\/span>associated with\u00a0<\/span>chr<\/span>onic pain.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2026\/01\/project3.png” title_text=”affective dimension” align=”center” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ custom_margin=”-6px||-20px|||” custom_padding=”|||” animation_style=”zoom” animation_direction=”right” animation_intensity_zoom=”10%” animation_starting_opacity=”100%” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” scroll_fade_enable=”on” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_margin=”|auto||182px||”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n The gut serves as the primary site for digestion, absorption of nutrients, and waste excretion.\u00a0<\/span>Additionally, it houses a vast number of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a crucial role in influencing communication between the gut and the brain.<\/span>\u00a0This communication is essential for<\/span>\u00a0both<\/span>\u00a0immune regulation and brain health. Therefore,\u00a0<\/span>maintaining<\/span>\u00a0normal gut function is vital for overall health and well-being.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Unlike other abdominal organs, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract\u00a0<\/span>possesses<\/span>\u00a0its own\u00a0<\/span>fully\u00a0<\/span>contained<\/span>\u00a0nervous system within its walls, known as the enteric nervous system (ENS) or the \u201csecond brain\u201d in the gut. The ENS consists of\u00a0<\/span>various types<\/span>\u00a0of neurons, including sensory, interneurons, motor neurons, and glial cells. Together, these components detect the contents of the gut, regulate secretory function and intestinal movement,\u00a0<\/span>maintain<\/span>\u00a0immune balance, and preserve the integrity of the intestinal barrier.<\/span>\u00a0Although enteric neural circuits\u00a0<\/span>represent<\/span>\u00a0a significant therapeutic target for various GI disorders, progress in probing and controlling the diverse circuit elements of the ENS has been hindered by technological limitations. We have recently overcome technical obstacles and developed unique resources that allow us to access genetically defined and molecularly distinct neuronal populations in the ENS.\u00a0<\/span>By\u00a0<\/span>utilizing<\/span>\u00a0these innovative neurogenetic approaches, we aim to investigate the specific neuronal populations and neural circuits within the ENS and their impact on GI motility, immunity, and the integrity of the intestinal barrier in both normal and pathological conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/618\/2026\/01\/project4.png” title_text=”project4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”on|on|on” admin_label=”Footer – Section 13″ module_class=”footer-section” _builder_version=”4.9.0″ background_color=”#c7eafb” 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_builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_font_size=”24px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Contact Us<\/strong><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” background_color_gradient_direction=”38deg” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|auto|-2px|auto||” custom_padding=”0px|||||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_line_height=”22px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Contact Us [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_line_height=”1.25em” header_font=”||||||||” header_4_font=”|700||on|||||” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_letter_spacing=”1px” header_4_line_height=”1.5em” background_layout=”dark” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n E-mail Phone [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_line_height=”1.25em” header_font=”||||||||” header_4_font=”|700||on|||||” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_letter_spacing=”1px” header_4_line_height=”1.5em” background_layout=”dark” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Lab Address <\/strong> Mailing Address <\/strong><\/p>\n Lab Name [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”on|on|on” admin_label=”Footer Fullwidth – Section 13″ module_class=”footer-section” _builder_version=”4.9.0″ 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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ResearchDecoding itch signaling\u00a0mechanisms\u00a0in the skinBoth spontaneous and mechanical itch responses originate in the skin.\u00a0Previous\u00a0research has\u00a0identified\u00a0the Merkel cell-slowly adaptive Ab touch fiber complex as a key regulator of mechanical itch in normal conditions. However, in the context of aging or chronic itch associated with dry skin, the loss of Merkel cells removes the inhibition on mechanical […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":545,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3010","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/545"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3010"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4748,"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3010\/revisions\/4748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.icahn.mssm.edu\/hongzhenhulab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Mechanisms of Interoception<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Affective\u00a0<\/span>d<\/span>imension of\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span>ain and\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span>ain- associated\u00a0<\/span>c<\/span>oping\u00a0<\/span>b<\/span>ehaviors<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n
Function of the enteric nervous system<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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One Gustave L. Levy Place
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<\/a><\/span>Recent News
<\/a>Alumni
<\/a>Researchers
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<\/a>Resources
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Accessibility<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
<\/strong>labname@mssm.edu<\/p>\n
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One Gustave L. Levy Place
Annenberg
New York, NY 10029<\/p>\n
Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai
One Gustave L. Levy Place
<\/span>Annenberg
<\/span>New York, NY 10029<\/span><\/p>\n