Our Research
Our research focuses on understanding the initiation of sensory experiences, such as pain and itch, at the barrier surfaces of the skin and visceral organs. Additionally, we investigate how these signals, both from external and internal sources, converge in the spinal cord and are processed by specific neural circuits. Furthermore, we are interested in understanding how animals display distinct coping behaviors in response to somatic and visceral pain, how external and internal sensations are integrated to influence emotional states underlying behavior, and how dysregulated interoception can lead to psychopathologies.
Our Approach
We employ multidisciplinary approaches, such as pharmacological, optogenetic, and chemogenetic manipulations, to study genetically defined and molecularly distinct neuronal populations. Additionally, we utilize a combination of neural tracing, in vivo imaging, electrophysiological recordings, molecular biology, and behavioral testing to gain insights into the molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanisms that underlie sensory processing in mice.
Affective dimension of pain and pain- associated coping behaviors
There are distinct coping behaviors between somatic and visceral nociceptive pathways. Pain originating from the colon is inescapable, leading to passive emotional coping. Conversely, cutaneous pain, such as the pain felt when grasping a hot plate, elicits both reflexive withdrawal behaviors and active emotional coping in the form of “fight or flight” responses. Our research aims to understand the encoding of the affective-motivational aspects of pain and self-caring behaviors in the spinal cord and brainstem. Additionally, we are investigating the impact of an inability to cope with pain on mental well-being. By gaining insights into these mechanisms, we can develop effective treatments for individuals who suffer from anxiety and depression associated with chronic pain.
Function of the enteric nervous system
The gut serves as the primary site for digestion, absorption of nutrients, and waste excretion. Additionally, it houses a vast number of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a crucial role in influencing communication between the gut and the brain. This communication is essential for both immune regulation and brain health. Therefore, maintaining normal gut function is vital for overall health and well-being. Unlike other abdominal organs, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract possesses its own fully contained nervous system within its walls, known as the enteric nervous system (ENS) or the “second brain” in the gut. The ENS consists of various types of neurons, including sensory, interneurons, motor neurons, and glial cells. Together, these components detect the contents of the gut, regulate secretory function and intestinal movement, maintain immune balance, and preserve the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Although enteric neural circuits represent a significant therapeutic target for various GI disorders, progress in probing and controlling the diverse circuit elements of the ENS has been hindered by technological limitations. We have recently overcome technical obstacles and developed unique resources that allow us to access genetically defined and molecularly distinct neuronal populations in the ENS. By utilizing these innovative neurogenetic approaches, we aim to investigate the specific neuronal populations and neural circuits within the ENS and their impact on GI motility, immunity, and the integrity of the intestinal barrier in both normal and pathological conditions.
